Fruits and vegetables have a high nutritional value, and they, apart from still being nutritious, has a good flavor after being fermented with Lactobacillus. The present article summarizes the Lactobacillus strains used for fermenting fruits and vegetables, the probiotic effect of fruits and vegetables fermented with Lactobacillus, the quality improvements of fruits and vegetables after Lactobacillus fermentation, and reviews the current global status of Lactobacillus-fermented fruits and vegetables. In addition, the main problems existing in this field and future research directions are discussed.