Functional constipation is a clinically common digestive system syndrome, which can cause a series of diseases. Therefore the prevention and treatment of this disease is of great significance. Bifidobacterium is one of the inherent flora in the human intestinal tract, which has been proved to have a significant alleviating effect on functional constipation. This review discussed the recent progress in understanding the alleviating effect of Bifidobacterium on functional constipation with respect to the relationship between the intestinal microbiota and functional constipation, the mechanism of Bifidobacterium in alleviating constipation and the efficacy of various Bifidobacterium strains, in order to provide research ideas for the in-depth development of functional Bifidobacteria strains and for understanding their mechanism in alleviating constipation.