Abstract: Bacteriocin can be used as a natural non-toxic antibacterial agent in foods because of its resistance to foodborne pathogens and spoilage bacteria. Bioinformatics is a subject based on computer science and applied mathematics, which aims to locate the functional genes by searching for and comparing the biological information measured in the field of life science and analyzing the related nucleic acid information and structural protein genes. Transcriptomics aims to analyze all RNA transcribed by different cells or tissues under specific conditions at the overall transcriptional level, providing insights into biological pathways and molecular regulatory mechanisms. By comparing mass transcriptome sequencing data with the reference genome, the genetic information of transcripts can be quantitatively analyzed at the level of gene expression. Gene ontology (GO) annotation and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis can be used to speculate the functional characteristics of differentially expressed genes selected by differential expression folds and further understand the mechanism of the synthesis of bacteriocin and other metabolites. Transcriptome sequencing is a safe and economical technology that is expected to provide a new approach for the large-scale production of bacteriocins.

Key words: bacteriocin, Lactobacillus plantarum, transcriptomics, bioinformatics, anabolism

摘要： 细菌素因具备抵御食源性致病菌和腐败菌的特性，可作为天然无毒抗菌剂应用在食品中。生物信息学是以计算机科学和应用数学为基础理论，将生命科学领域测得的生物信息经搜索比对，分析相关的核酸信息和蛋白结构基因，从而定位功能基因的一门科学。其中，转录组学即从整体转录水平分析不同细胞或组织在特定条件下所转录的所有RNA，从而揭示生物学通路和调控分子机制。将转录组测序结果中获得的海量数据与参考基因组比对，即可从基因表达水平上定量分析转录本的遗传信息。通过差异表达倍数筛选出差异基因，对其进行GO（Gene Ontology）功能注释和KEGG通路富集分析，进而推测其功能特性，并揭示细菌素等代谢产物的合成机理。由于转录组测序不存在安全隐患且属于较为经济的调控方式，因此该技术有望为细菌素大规模投入生产提供新思路。

关键词: 细菌素, 植物乳杆菌, 转录组学, 生物信息学, 合成代谢