Abstract: Through the detection and statistical assessment of benzalkonium chloride and didecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride in infant formula milk powder sold from 2022 to 2024, combined with the European Union's daily allowable intake of benzalkonium chloride and the daily allowable intake of didecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride from the German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, a point estimation method was used to provide estimated values applicable to the percentiles of the available sample quantities. The detection rates of benzalkonium chloride and didecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride in infant formula milk powder were 32.8% and 16.0%, respectively; the average residue levels (LB～UB) were 11.0～12.2 and 3.71～4.13 μg/kg, respectively. The average exposure levels (LB～UB) of benzalkonium chloride for infants and young children of different age groups were 0.281～0.297, 0.036～0.047, and 0.02～0.032 μg/(kg BW·d). The average exposure levels (LB～UB) of didecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride were 0.091～0.095, 0.007～0.011, and 0.013～0.016 μg/(kg BW·d). The risk quotient HQ for both substances was less than 1. The detection results indicate that the contamination levels of benzalkonium chloride and didecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride in infant formula milk powder sold from 2022 to 2024 are low and at an acceptable level.

Key words: Infant Formula Milk Powder, Benzalkonium Chloride, Didecyldimethyl Ammonium Chloride, Exposure Assessment, Quaternary Ammonium Disinfectants

摘要： 通过对2022-2024年市售婴幼儿配方乳粉中苯扎氯铵和二癸基二甲基氯化铵的检测和统计评估。结合欧盟关于苯扎氯铵每日允许摄入量和德国联邦风险评估研究所关于二癸基二甲基氯化铵的每日允许摄入量，采用点评估法，提供了估计值，这些估计值适用于可用样本数量的百分位数。婴幼儿配方乳粉中苯扎氯铵和二癸基二甲基氯化铵的检出率分别为32.8%和16.0%；平均残留量（LB～UB）分别为11.0～12.2和3.71～4.13 μg/kg。各年龄段婴幼儿苯扎氯铵的平均暴露量（LB～UB）分别为0.281～0.297、0.036～0.047、0.02～0.032 μg/（kg BW?d）。二癸基二甲基氯化铵的平均暴露量（LB～UB）分别为0.091～0.095、0.007～0.011、0.013～0.016 μg/（kg BW?d）。 其风险商HQ均小于1。检测结果表明：2022年-2024年市售婴幼儿配方乳粉中苯扎氯铵、二癸基二甲基氯化铵污染水平较低，处于可接受水平。

关键词: 婴幼儿配方乳粉, 苯扎氯铵, 二癸基二甲基氯化铵, 暴露评估, 季铵盐类消毒剂