Abstract: In this study, to understand the differences in quality between high-fat and regular yogurts, we compared the changes in viable bacterial counts, acidity, and textural characteristics between homemade high-fat and regular yogurts as well as commercial yogurt (two samples for each type of yogurt) during the shelf life. The results showed that the fat content (16.7% and 17.0%) and energy (731 and 721 kJ/100 g) of high-fat yogurt were significantly higher than those of regular yogurt, and the carbohydrate content (3.6% and 2.3%) was significantly lower than that of regular yogurt. High-fat yogurt possessed a strong fatty flavor and a thick texture. The acidity (90.62 and 91.15 °T) and viable bacterial count (9.15 and 8.95 (lg (CFU/mL))) of high-fat yogurt were lower than those of regular yogurt, whereas the hardness (22.45 and 26.15 g), adhesiveness (0.59 and 0.72 mJ) and chewiness (0.86 and 1.03 mJ) were higher than those of regular yogurt. Compared to commercial yogurt, the acidity of homemade yogurts is more stable, but basically the same viable bacterial count and textural characteristics. In conclusion, high-fat yogurt has lower carbohydrate content, acidity and viable bacterial count, and the high fat content not only imparts a fatty flavor to this yogurt but also improves its textural properties and stability.

Key words: high-fat yogurt; nutrients; viable bacterial count; acidity; textural characteristics

摘要： 为探究高脂酸乳与普通酸乳品质差异，以自制高脂酸乳和普通酸乳为对象，比较2 种酸乳的活菌数、酸度、质构特性等在保质期内随贮藏时间的变化规律，并与市售酸乳进行对比。结果表明，高脂酸乳脂肪质量分数（16.7%和17.0%）和能量（731 kJ/100 g和721 kJ/100 g）高于普通酸乳，碳水化合物质量分数（3.6%和2.3%）低于普通酸乳，具有浓郁脂香味和浓稠口感；在保质期内，高脂酸乳酸度（90.62 °T和91.15 °T）和活菌数（9.15（lg（CFU/mL））和8.95（lg（CFU/mL）））均低于普通酸乳，但其硬度（22.45 g和26.15 g）、黏附性（0.59 mJ和0.72 mJ）和咀嚼性（0.86 mJ和1.03 mJ）高于普通酸乳；相比市售酸乳，自制酸乳酸度更加稳定，两者活菌数与质构特性基本一致。综上所述，碳水化合物较少的高脂酸乳具有较低的酸度和活菌数，但其较高的脂肪含量不仅能够赋予酸乳脂香，还能够改善其质构特性、提高其稳定性。

关键词: 高脂酸乳；营养成分；活菌数；酸度；质构特性