Goat milk is rich in a wide variety of nutrients and has prominent nutritional and functional properties. Because of its nutritional similarity to breast milk, goat milk is an emerging alternative milk source for infant formula to bovine milk. Nowadays, there is a worldwide interest in the safety and nutritional value of goat milk products. This article presents a discussion of the nutritional composition, safety and functional characteristics of goat milk, indicating that goat milk has great advantages for use as a milk source for infant formula. Goat milk is rich in a variety of nutrients including protein, fat, carbohydrates, vitamins and minerals and contains active substances such as superoxide dismutase and epithelial cell growth factors, protecting against viruses and tuberculosis infection with good safety. Infant formula made from goat milk has a reduced allergenicity and increased digestibility, and can enhance fat absorption rate and lower cholesterol levels.