Heavy metal pollution is increasingly damaging the ecology. Furthermore, the enrichment of heavy metals through the food chain threatens human health. Therefore, the removal of heavy metals plays a vital role in maintaining ecological balance and protecting human health. Lactic acid bacteria have the ability of adsorbing heavy metals and are safe in bioremediation of heavy metal pollution. This review summarizes the current situation of research on lactic acid bacteria adsorption of heavy metals, which hopes to provide useful information for researchers in this field.