A gas chromatography method with hydrogen flame ionization detection was proposed to analyze the fatty acid composition of infant milk powder by temperature-programmed heating. Samples were hydrolyzed with hydrochloric acid and extracted with ether-ethanol-petroleum ether (1:1:1, V/V) for lipids. The extracted lipids were reacted with potassium hydroxide in methanol prior to being analyzed by gas chromatography. The method showed good figures of merit. The average recoveries for mixed standards of seven fatty acids in infant formulas for three different age groups spiked at three levels were 86.4%– 103.9%, and the precision of the method was 0.91%–3.82% (RSD, n=6). In addition, this method exhibited a high sensitivity and a limit of detection of 0.1 mg/100 g. Compared with the national standard method, it required more simple and rapid sample pretreatment and easier operation while providing excellent reproducibility, thus being suitable for primary laboratories.