An analytical method for the determination of ethyl carbamate in fermented milk was established by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Sample pretreatment conditions were optimized. The analytical figures of merit of the proposed method including linear relationship, precision, spiked recovery, detection limit and quantitation limit were evaluated. Ethyl carbamate was quantitated using an external standard. The linearity of this method was good in the range of 0–200 ng/mL (r > 0.999), and the detection limit and quantitation limit of ethyl carbamate were 2.0 and 5.0 μg/kg, respectively. The recovery of the added ethyl carbamate ranged from 89.9% to 105.2%, with relative standard deviation (RSD) less than 10%. This method is sensitive, accurate and repeatable, and can meet the requirements for the determination of ethyl carbamate in fermented milk.