Abstract: Bacillus subtilis has a wide range of applications in the agriculture, industry, medicine and healthcare sectors due to its wide distribution and harmlessness to the environment. In recent years, Bacillus subtilis has been explored worldwide and applied as a new biological bacteriostatic agent, but the application of antibacterial substances secreted by it is still at a theoretical stage. This paper reviews the classification, mechanism of action, possible future applications and extraction optimization of antibacterial substances from Bacillus subtilis. The production of high-dose and high-purity bacteriostatic substances from Bacillus subtilis is an urgent problem to solved before the wide application of them in food preservation and sterilization technologies. This makes it necessary to find ways to improve the purity and yield of bacteriostatic substances. The review concludes with possible directions for future exploration of bacteriostatic substances.

Key words: Bacillus subtilis; bacteriostatic substances; antibacterial mechanism; peptides; volatile substances

摘要： 枯草芽孢杆菌因其分布广泛和对环境无公害，在农业、工业、医药卫生等行业有着广泛的应用。近年来，国内外对枯草芽孢杆菌进行了探索，其菌体在新型抑菌生物制剂中有所应用，但以其分泌的抑菌成分作为原材料的抑菌制剂目前还处在理论阶段。本文主要从四方面对枯草芽孢杆菌抑菌成分进行综述，分别为抑菌成分的分类、抑菌机制、未来可能的应用和提取方法的优化。同时，为了使枯草芽孢杆菌抑菌成分能广泛应用于食品防腐技术、食品杀菌技术等多个方面，生产大剂量、高纯度的抑菌成分成为亟待解决的问题，这需要进一步提高抑菌成分的纯度与产量的相关研究。最后，为枯草芽孢杆菌抑菌成分的未来探索提供了可行的方向。

关键词: 枯草芽孢杆菌；抑菌成分；抑菌机制；肽类；挥发性物质