Abstract: Human milk is the most perfect source of nutrition for infants. It contains all the nutrients needed for the growth and development of infants. Phospholipids can promote the intestinal, brain and cognitive development of infants, which is very important for the healthy development of infants. This paper introduces its readers to the phospholipids in human milk, focusing on the differences in the composition and content of phospholipids in human milk in different countries/regions, as well as the differences in the composition of phospholipids and phospholipid fatty acids in human, bovine, caprine and ovine milk. This review hopefully will provide a basis for the development of infant formula, especially the fine simulation of phospholipid composition and phospholipid fatty acid composition in human milk.

Key words: human milk; phospholipids; fatty acids; infants; formulated milk powder

摘要： 母乳是婴儿最完美的营养来源，含有婴儿生长发育所需的所有营养物质。磷脂具有促进婴儿肠道、大脑及认知发育等作用，对婴幼儿健康发育非常重要。本文对母乳磷脂进行介绍，重点阐述现有文献资料中不同国家/地区母乳中磷脂的组成及含量差异，并对比分析母乳磷脂组成与磷脂脂肪酸组成与牛乳、山羊乳和绵羊乳存在的差异。旨在为婴幼儿配方乳粉的开发，特别是磷脂组成及磷脂脂肪酸组成的精细化模拟提供参考依据。

关键词: 母乳；磷脂；脂肪酸；婴幼儿；配方乳粉