Abstract: As a common probiotic, lactic acid bacteria must be able to withstand gastric acidity and intestinal bile salts and survive in the human body in large amounts. Nowadays, most studies concerning the mechanism of acid resistance of lactic acid bacteria are focused on the theory of proton pump and alkali production. In addition, the contents of exogenous substances such as glucose, amino acid and fatty acid have a certain effect on its tolerance. The mechanism of inhibition lactic acid bacteria under bile salt stress mainly involves bile salt hydrolase, stress protein and the self-protection ability of its cell membrane. This article reviews the existing literature on the mechanism of acid and bile salt resistance of lactic acid bacteria. The second aim of this review is to explore the factors affecting the acid and bile salt resistance of lactic acid bacteria.

Key words: lactic acid bacteria; acid resistance mechanism; bile salt tolerance mechanism

摘要： 作为一种常见的益生菌,乳酸菌需能够耐受胃液中的强酸与肠道内的高浓度胆盐,并在人体内大量存活才能发挥其益生作用。目前对乳酸菌耐酸机理的研究主要侧重于质子泵理论和产生碱的机制,另外,葡萄糖、氨基酸和脂肪酸等外源物质的含量对其耐受能力也有一定影响;乳酸菌在胆盐胁迫下的抑制机制主要包括胆盐水解酶的作用、应激蛋白的作用和自身细胞膜的保护作用。本文对乳酸菌的耐酸耐胆盐机制进行了综述,并对其影响因素进行了分析和探讨。

关键词: 乳酸菌; 耐酸机制; 耐胆盐机制