Table of Content

30 October 2014, Volume 37 Issue 5

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Basic Research

Antibacterial Activity of L-and D-Lactic Acid against Three Foodborne Pathogenic Bacteria

GAO Cai-xia, WU Zheng-jun

2014, 37(5):  1-3.  DOI: 10.15922/j.cnki.jdst.2014.05.001

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Three common foodborne pathogenic bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Shigella flexneri, were selected for assessing the antibacterial activity of L- and D-lactic acid as indicated by minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC). The growth of all these foodborne pathogens was inhibited in the presence of L- or D-lactic acid. Both showed an MIC of 0.1 mg/mL for all the pathogens and an MBC of 3.2, 1.6 and 3.2 mg/mL for Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Shigella flexneri, respectively. L-lactic acid more significantly inhibited the three indicator strains at a density of 105–106 CFU/mL than its D-isomer when present at a concentration of 0.2 mg/mL.

Structured Management Platform of Dairy Product Regulations

SU Yong-hong, ZHANG Feng-hua, LI Lin

2014, 37(5):  4-6.  DOI: 10.15922/j.cnki.jdst.2014.05.002

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The structured management platform for food regulations can be coordinated with food product development to form a data management system. Dairy companies are able to establish a structured standard database of dairy product regulations dairy based on the official interpretation of the regulations. The development of dairy products should be strictly in conformity with the regulations by information-based means. By checking the matching between structured regulation data and product development data by information-based means, it can be ensured that dairy products are developed in accordance with the regulations and dairy enterprises can develop continuously and steadily.

Processing Technology

Application of Sweeteners in Yoghurt with Added Brown Sugar

SUN Zhuo, QIAO Cheng-ya, WANG Guo-qiang, LI Hai-yan, MEI Fang

2014, 37(5):  7-10.  DOI: 10.15922/j.cnki.jdst.2014.05.003

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A mixture of aspartame, sucralose and acesulfame was used at optimal concentrations to make yoghurt with added brown sugar. Uniform design was employed to optimize brown sugar, sweetener and starch concentration based on sensory evaluation and viscosity. Complete substitution of brown sugar for white sugar resulted in a slight bitter taste, but the bitterness could be improved by partial replacement of brown sugar by sweeteners. The best quality product with a moderate sweetness, a homogenous, fine and smooth texture, and a refreshing mouthfeel was obtained when the sample contained 4% brown sugar, 6% starch, 0.003 5% sucralose, and 0.007 0% acesulfame.

Analysis & Detection

Determination of Vomitoxin in Dairy Products by High Performance Liquid Chromatography

LI Su-qin, WAN Peng, GAO Min, YUE Hong, ZHAO Zhen, LI Cui-zhi

2014, 37(5):  11-13.  DOI: 10.15922/j.cnki.jdst.2014.05.004

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A method for the determination of vomitoxin in milk powder by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was developed. Samples were precipitated and filtered, and the supernatant was then purified and concentrated by immunoaffinity column chromatography, separated by C18 column chromatography, detected by ultraviolet detector and quantified by calibration curve method. The method proved to have good accuracy and precision. The spiked recovery of vomitoxin in dairy products was 98%–106%, and the relative standard deviations were 0.45%–1.21%. The detection limit of vomitoxin was 0.05 mg/kg.

Determination of Vitamin C in Dairy Products by High Performance Liquid Chromatography

WAN Peng, ZHAO Zhen, GAO Min, LIU Chun-xia, LI Cui-zhi, SHAO Jian-bo

2014, 37(5):  14-16.  DOI: 10.15922/j.cnki.jdst.2014.05.005

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A method for determining vitamin C (VC) in dairy products by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) is described. Samples were added with metaphosphoric acid to precipitate proteins, filtered through filter paper, separated on a C18 chromatographic column with 0.25% metaphosphoric acid solution as mobile phase, detected with a UV detector, and quantified by an external standard method. The method proved simple and rapid with good accuracy and precision. The recovery of VC ranged between 93.6 % and 103.9% with relative standard deviation of 2.56% to 4.05%. The detection limit was 1 mg/kg.

Rapid Detection of Raw Goat Milk Adulterated with Expired Reconstituted Milk Using Electronic Nose

MA Li-jie, LIU Zhan-dong, YANG Chun-jie, LI Lu, DING Wu

2014, 37(5):  17-20.  DOI: 10.15922/j.cnki.jdst.2014.05.006

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Raw goat milk adulterated with expired reconstituted milk was rapidly qualitatively discriminated and quantitatively analyzed by an electronic nose combined with a variety of chemometric methods. Expired reconstituted milk was added to raw goat milk in different proportions before being detected using the electronic nose. The volatile components of the adulterated goat milk samples were gathered by the electronic nose. Based on the sensor responses, an electronic nose method for qualitative discrimination and quantitative analysis of adulterated raw goat milk was established through principal component analysis (PCA), Fisher linear discriminant analysis (FLDA) and linear regression fitting analysis. The results showed that both PCA and FLDA could discriminate among different proportions of adulterated raw goat milk, but FLDA was more effective than PCA. The correlation coefficient of linear regression analysis was 88.4%, and the predicted values and the actual adulteration values showed a linear relationship, indicating that the model has better generalization ability. Thus electronic nose is a feasible approach for rapid qualitative discrimination and quantitative analysis of adulterated raw goat milk.

Packaging & Storage

Comparative Evaluation of Detection Methods for Microbial Contamination in Prefabricated Plastic Containers for Dairy Products

ZHANG Wei-rong

2014, 37(5):  21-24.  DOI: 10.15922/j.cnki.jdst.2014.05.007

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This study compared fermentation, membrane and washing as three detection methods for contaminating microbes in precast plastic containers for dairy products at different storage periods and at different degrees of contamination. Filtration and washing were more effective sampling means and could provide a better understanding of microbial contamination in the plastic containers than fermentation. However, filtration was unsuitable for high-level contamination. Therefore, the washing method is more suitable for large-scale detection in industrial practice.

Reviews

Applications of DNA Barcode in Food Traceability

LI Min, LING Chao, WU Qi-qin, BI Sheng-nan, FAN Yun-xiu, SUN Guo-wei, HAN Yi-yi, ZHENG Xiao-ping, MENG Jin

2014, 37(5):  25-30.  DOI: 10.15922/j.cnki.jdst.2014.05.008

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Food traceability is more and more important in the food safety, and as a potentially effective tool in the food traceability, DNA barcode is developing rapidly in recent years. This review describes the applications of DNA barcode in food safety especially in food traceability. From the concept of DNA barcode to food test, food traceability and prevent commercial fraud in food. DNA barcode can ensure food safety and prevent commercial fraud, but to the large-scale applications, there is still a long way to go.

Effects of Feed and Feeding on Risks of Milk Production by Dairy Cows

LI Ning

2014, 37(5):  31-33.  DOI: 10.15922/j.cnki.jdst.2014.05.009

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This paper analyzes the effects of feed and feeding on milk production of dairy cows. It is demonstrated that feed affects the growth, development, reproduction, lactation and health of dairy cows. Based on our analysis results, some measures to avoid risks of milk production are proposed with respect to feed management, reasonable dairy formulation, scientific feeding and reasonable enhancement of lactation milk production.

Progress in Understanding the Role of Probiotics in Intestinal Health Improvement and Immunoregulation

FENG Li-li, ZHU Hong, LUO Yong-kang, WANG Shi-jie

2014, 37(5):  34-37.  DOI: 10.15922/j.cnki.jdst.2014.05.010

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Only by human clinical trials can the human health effect of probiotics be assessed. However, a very limited amount of useful data can be obtained from human clinical trials due to various restricting factors, so they are very valuable. In this article we present a review of the role of probiotics in improving intestinal health and regulating immunity as assessed by human clinical trials.