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中国科技核心期刊
ISSN 1671-5187
CN 31-1881/S
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Simultaneous Determination of 10 Water-Soluble Vitamins in Infant Formula by Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry
CHEN Xiumei, YAN Huijuan, ZHANG Xiaomin, LIN Tingjuan, MENG Genhua
Journal of Dairy Science and Technology 2023, 46 (
4
): 40-47. DOI:
10.7506/rykxyjs1671-5187-20230616-032
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To develop a method for simultaneous determination of 10 water-soluble vitamins (nicotinic acid, nicotinamide, vitamin B2, pyridoxine, pyridoxal, pyridoxine, pantothenic acid, biotin, folic acid and vitamin B12) in infant milk by ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS). Samples were dissolved in water, and adjusted to pH 1.7 with 5 mol/L HCl solution and then to pH 4.5 with 5 mol/L NaOH solution to precipitate proteins. The supernatant was added with a mixed solution of isotope internal standard, and separated on an ACQUITY UPLC HSS T3 column (2.1 mm × 50 mm, 1.8 μm) by gradient elution using a mobile phase composed of 10 mmol/L ammonium formate aqueous solution (containing 0.1% formic acid) and 10 mmol/L ammonium formate methanol solution (containing 0.1% formic acid). Detection was performed by electrospray ionization in the positive ion mode with multiple reaction monitoring (MRM). The external standard method was used for the quantification of pyridoxine, pyridoxal and pyridoxine, and the internal standard method for the other seven vitamins. Good linearity of the calibration curves for the 10 water-soluble vitamins was obtained in the range of 10–5 000 ng/mL with correlation coefficients (R2) above 0.99, and the recoveries for spiked samples ranged from 73.9% to 106.0%, with relative standard deviations (RSDs) of 0.9%–8.0%. The proposed method is simple, rapid, sensitive and accurate, and can meet the requirements for the determination of the 10 water-soluble vitamins in infant formula.
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A Review of Methods for Determination of Vanillin in Formulas for Special Medical Purpose Intended for Infants
GUO Meijuan, ZHANG Lantian, SHI Guohua, ZHANG Yan, WANG Chenyuan, ZHANG Xiangqu, MA Yuechao, ZHANG Bin
Journal of Dairy Science and Technology 2023, 46 (
3
): 52-58. DOI:
10.7506/rykxyjs1671-5187-20230517-025
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Vanillin is a flavor widely used in the food industry. This paper discusses the application of vanillin in the food industry, worldwide limits for the use of vanillin, the characteristics of the production technology and the possible risks brought by vanillin for foods, and it also summarizes the methods for vanillin detection in dairy products, infant formulas and formulas for special medical purposes intended for infants including gas chromatography (GC), liquid chromatography (LC), gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS), liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), and spectroscopy with special attention to their advantages and limitations. This review is expected to provide a basis for the detection and further research of vanillin in infant formulas for special medical purpose.
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Determination of Six Pesticide Residues in Milk by QuEChERS-Ultra High Performance Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry
ZHANG Xiaomin, MENG Genhua, LIN Tingjuan, CHEN Xiumei, CHEN Xirong
Journal of Dairy Science and Technology 2022, 45 (
2
): 8-12. DOI:
10.7506/rykxyjs1671-5187-20211129-005
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In this study, we aimed to establish a method for the determination of six pesticide residues in milk by quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, safe (QuEChERS) extraction combined with ultra high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Milk samples were extracted with acetonitrile, purified by the QuEChERS approach, and the extract was then blown down to dryness using a stream of nitrogen gas and re-dissolved. The liquid chromatographic separation was achieved by gradient elution using a mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile and 0.1% formic acid in water. The analysis was carried out using positive ion electrospray ionization under the multiple reaction monitoring mode. The external standard method was used for quantification. Excellent linearities were achieved for all target analytes in the range of 1.0–40.0 μg/L with correlation coefficients greater than 0.995. The limit of detection was 0.1 μg/kg, and the limit of quantification was 1.0 μg/kg. The average recoveries of the six pesticide residues from blank milk samples at three spiked concentration levels of 1.0, 2.5 and 5.0 μg/kg ranged from 76.5% to 113.7% with relative standard deviations (RSDs) of 1.5%–6.1%. The proposed method was simple, accurate, efficient and suitable for the rapid screening and quantitative analysis of pesticide residues in milk.
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Progress in Detection Methods for Degree of Hydrolysis of Cow’s Milk Proteins: A Review
ZHANG Xiangqu, ZHANG Bin, GAI Lina, TIAN Zechen, WANG Yiwei, ZHANG Lantian
Journal of Dairy Science and Technology 2021, 44 (
4
): 42-45. DOI:
10.15922/j.cnki.jdst.2021.04.010
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Hydrolyzed protein formula not only solves the problem of allergy or intolerance to cow’s milk proteins in infants and young children, but also meets the nutritional needs. Degree of hydrolysis is an important parameter to evaluate hydrolyzed protein formula. However, there are currently no methods available to determine the degree of hydrolysis of hydrolyzed protein formula. This article presents a brief introduction to the basic concepts of hydrolyzed protein formula and its degree of hydrolysis, and summarizes the existing methods for detecting the degree of hydrolysis of proteins. We expect this review to provide a reference for the establishment of detection methods for the degree of proteolysis of hydrolyzed protein formula.
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Comparative Analysis of Fatty Acid Contents between Ultra-High Temperature Sterilized Milk and Reconstituted Milk Based on 1H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
SU Meicheng, JIA Man, ZHANG Xia, TAN Dongfei, ZHANG Qingyang, YIN Zenghao, WANG Shaolei, CHEN Gang
Journal of Dairy Science and Technology 2020, 43 (
4
): 18-22. DOI:
10.15922/j.cnki.jdst.2020.04.004
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A comparative analysis of fatty acid contents between ultra-high temperature (UHT) milk and reconstituted milk was carried out using 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) spectroscopy. The results showed that the relative contents of linolenic acid, linoleic acid, oleic acid and saturated fatty acid in UHT milk and reconstituted milk were (0.98 ± 0.11)% and (0.90 ± 0.04)%, (1.15 ± 0.36)% and (1.11 ± 0.36)%, (27.30 ± 0.56)% and (26.78 ± 0.78)%, and (43.26 ± 1.56)% and (43.81 ± 2.34)%, respectively. Orthogonal partial least squares discriminant (OPLS-DA) analysis and independent sample t test were performed on the 1H NMR spectrum peaks and fatty acid contents of the two milks. It was found that the relative content of linolenic acid was significantly different (P < 0.05) between the two milks. Nutritional assessment showed that UHT milk was more suitable than reconstituted milk for people with hyperlipidemia and/or high cholesterol, while the nutritional value of other fatty acids was similar between both milks.
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A Quadrupole-Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry Method for the Discrimination of Ultra-High Temperature Milk from Reconstituted Milk
CUI Jing, SU Meicheng, TAN Dongfei, ZHANG Xia, JIA Man
Journal of Dairy Science and Technology 2019, 42 (
3
): 19-23. DOI:
10.15922/j.cnki.jdst.2019.03.004
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In this study, ultra-high temperature (UHT) milk and reconstituted milk were discriminated by high resolution quadrupole-time of flight mass spectrometry (LC-Q-TOF-MS) combined with chemometrics based on non-targeted metabolomic approaches. Sample pretreatment was performed prior to chromatographic separation on a C18 column, and the mass spectrometer was operated in the full scan mode. The obtained data were preprocessed before being imported into SIMCA-P 14.1 for principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least squares-discrimination analysis (PLS-DA). A total of 14 characterization factors were selected in both positive and negative ion modes to establish a discriminant model. The results showed that this model could be used as a robust approach to discriminate between UHT and reconstituted milk and provide a theoretical basis for the identification of reconstituted milk.
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Cryoprotective Effect of Medium Components on Lactobacillus plantarum LIP-1
SHANG Yina, LI Minghui, HUO Qiwen, CHEN Jing, ZHANG Xiaoning, WANG Junguo
Journal of Dairy Science and Technology 2018, 41 (
6
): 18-25. DOI:
10.15922/j.cnki.jdst.2018.06.004
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The probiotic Lactobacillus plantarum LIP-1 was cultured in modified MRS medium at high cell density to investigate the effect of changes in medium components (the types and amounts of nitrogen source, carbon source and buffer salt, total amount of carbon and nitrogen, and carbon/nitrogen ratio) on the viable cell count and survival rate after freezedrying of this strain. The optimal medium was found to be composed of carbon source (sucrose) 33.35 g/L, nitrogen source (yeast powder, soy peptone and casein peptone, 3:3:5, m/m) 10.80 g/L, and buffer salt (sodium acetate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and sodium citrate, 2.5:1:1, m/m) 14.85 g/L (namely 0.13 mol/L). The viable cell count of strain LIP-1 cultured in the optimized medium after freeze-drying was 9.767 (lg(CFU/mL)), which was distinctly higher than that cultured in MRS medium. The modified medium allowed high-cell-density fermentation of Lactobacillus plantarum LIP-1 while maintaining its viability during freeze-drying.
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A Survey of Solutions to Dairy Product Safety Problems Based on Industrial Chain Optimization
ZHANG Xianxian, GONG Xiaoju
Journal of Dairy Science and Technology 2017, 40 (
3
): 24-28. DOI:
10.15922/j.cnki.jdst.2017.03.006
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The dairy industry has a high requirement on industrial chain integration, but in recent years, with the development of China's dairy industry, a series of dairy product safety problems have occurred frequently. China's dairy industry chain is long and complicated, with small-scale and scattered dairy farming at its beginning. The frequent occurrence of dairy product safety problems is due to the lack of effective integration of various links of the industry chain. This article explores in depth existing product safety problems across the dairy industry chain. In view of the hidden danger in the industry chain, we recommend that the quality and safety of dairy products should be improved by enhancing the degree of integration, regulating the quality and safety of supply chain, improving the mechanism to connect the interests of dairy industries and farmers, and urging the government to exert an auxiliary function.
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Fatty Acid Composition of Infant Milk Powder
DING Hong-mei, ZHANG Xia, ZHU Yun, CHEN Gang
Journal of Dairy Science and Technology 2013, 36 (
3
): 5-8. DOI:
10.15922/j.cnki.jdst.2013.03.002
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A gas chromatography method with hydrogen flame ionization detection was proposed to analyze the fatty acid composition of infant milk powder by temperature-programmed heating. Samples were hydrolyzed with hydrochloric acid and extracted with ether-ethanol-petroleum ether (1:1:1, V/V) for lipids. The extracted lipids were reacted with potassium hydroxide in methanol prior to being analyzed by gas chromatography. The method showed good figures of merit. The average recoveries for mixed standards of seven fatty acids in infant formulas for three different age groups spiked at three levels were 86.4%– 103.9%, and the precision of the method was 0.91%–3.82% (RSD, n=6). In addition, this method exhibited a high sensitivity and a limit of detection of 0.1 mg/100 g. Compared with the national standard method, it required more simple and rapid sample pretreatment and easier operation while providing excellent reproducibility, thus being suitable for primary laboratories.
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