Abstract: A colloidal gold immunochromatographic assay (GICA) was used to detect the residues of β-lactam antibiotics and melamine in milk. The sensitivity, false positive rate (FPR), false negative rate (FNR) and specificity of the method were studied. The results showed that the detection limit of the method was 2 μg/L for penicillin G, 3 μg/L for ampicillin, 4 μg/L for amoxicillin, 6 μg/L for oxacillin, 6 μg/L for cloxacillin, 6 μg/L for dicloxacillin, 20 μg/L for nafcillin, 20 μg/L for cefquinome, 40 μg/L for cefoperazone, 50 μg/L for ceftriaxone, 90 μg/L for ceftiofur, 10 μg/L for cefalonium, and 50 μg/L for melamine. The FPR was less than 5%, and FNR was 0. The specificity was good and there was no cross-reactivity with any other antibiotics in milk. The results of GICA and liquid chromatographic tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) were basically consistent. This method is simple, rapid, accurate and stable, and suitable for the on-site rapid detection of β-lactam antibiotics and melamine residues in milk.

Key words: milk；β-lactam antibiotics；melamine；gold immunochromatographic assay

摘要： 应用胶体金免疫层析法对牛奶中的β-内酰胺类抗生素和三聚氰胺残留进行检测,考察该法的灵敏度、假阳性率、假阴性率、特异性及准确性。结果表明：用胶体金免疫层析法测定牛奶中的β-内酰胺类抗生素和三聚氰胺,检测限分别为青霉素G 2μg/L、氨苄青霉素3μg/L、阿莫西林4μg/L、苯唑青霉素6μg/L、邻氯青霉素6μg/L、双氯青霉素6μg/L、萘夫西林20μg/L、头孢喹肟20μg/L、头孢哌酮40μg/L、头孢曲松50μg/L、头孢噻呋90μg/L、头孢洛宁10μg/L、三聚氰胺50μg/L,假阳性率不大于5%,假阴性率为0;方法特异性较好,与牛奶中常见的其他抗生素无交叉反应;结果准确可靠,对实际样本的检测结果与液相色谱-质谱/质谱法基本一致。该方法简便、快速、准确、稳定,可作为牛奶中β-内酰胺类抗生素和三聚氰胺残留现场快速检测的一种有效手段。

关键词: 牛奶; β-内酰胺类抗生素; 三聚氰胺; 胶体金免疫层析法