Abstract: While research on the functional effects of probiotics has been extended to include their roles in prevention and treatment of immune, metabolic and neuroemotional disorders, a systematic review of the numerous studies in this regard is still lacking in the literature. In this paper, we summarize recent animal and clinical studies on the two probiotics, Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium and recent studies on their mechanism of action. A number of studies demonstrate that the application of probiotics as a functional food ingredient will help further improve people’s health and living standard. The mechanism of action of probiotics on human diseases and disorders especially the body’s responses to different probiotics, which allows the development of therapeutic strains for clinical applications, will represent an important direction of research in the future.

Key words: probiotics; immunity; metabolize; neuroemotional disorder; functional effect; mechanism

摘要： 对益生菌功能活性的研究已经拓展到免疫、代谢及神经情绪疾病的预防和治疗方面，而在这些方面的众多 研究却缺乏系统总结。本文针对乳杆菌和双歧杆菌两类主要的益生菌在相关领域的动物活性、临床实验及作用机制 研究进展进行总结。众多研究表明，益生菌作为功能性成分用于食品开发中将为国民身体健康及生活质量的进一步 改善提供助力。深入研究人体病症和益生菌相互作用的机制，特别是人体对不同菌株的响应机理，以开发可用于临 床治疗的菌株，是未来益生菌研究的重要方向。

关键词: 益生菌；免疫；代谢；神经情绪调节；功能活性；机制