Abstract: Although the production efficiency of lactic acid bacterial starter cultures can be greatly reduced by using spray drying technology, the low viable count of spray dried starter cultures is a bottleneck currently. Therefore, this paper reviews the effects of different stress treatments on the survival rate of lactic acid bacteria after spray drying. It has been found that stress treatments stress treatments induce lactic acid bacteria to produce stress proteins to repair or degrade damaged proteins, or adjust the membrane fatty acid composition to maintain the stability of the cell membrane and regulate cellular metabolic pathways to enhance resistance, ultimately increasing the survival rate of lactic acid bacteria after spray drying. We believe that this paper will provide a theoretical reference for selecting reasonable stress treatments to improve the survival rate of lactic acid bacteria after spray drying.

Key words: lactic acid bacterial starter cultures; spray drying; stress proteins; fatty acids; cellular metabolic pathway

摘要： 采用喷雾干燥技术制备乳酸菌发酵剂虽然能极大地提高生产效率，但制备的发酵剂活菌数低是目前面临的瓶颈问题。为了提高乳酸菌在喷雾干燥过程中的存活率，本文综述不同应激方式对乳酸菌喷雾干燥过程中存活率的影响，通过应激处理可使乳酸菌产生相应的应激蛋白来修复或降解受损蛋白，或调整细胞膜中脂肪酸的组成成分，维持细胞膜的稳定性以及调节细胞代谢通路，增强抗性，这些变化提高了乳酸菌在喷雾干燥过程中的存活率。本文旨在为选择合理的应激处理方式提高乳酸菌喷雾干燥过程中的存活率提供理论参考。

关键词: 乳酸菌发酵剂；喷雾干燥；应激蛋白；脂肪酸；细胞代谢通路