Abstract: Human milk oligosaccharides have received widespread attention due to their unique probiotic effects. The composition and structure of oligosaccharides from the milks of different mammals are different. Some probiotics represented by bifidobacteria evolve a relatively complete metabolic mode of milk oligosaccharides. Compared with other prebiotics, milk oligosaccharides show more health benefits such as inducing the colonization of bifidobacteria and increasing the diversity of intestinal flora.

Key words: milk oligosaccharides; structural features; metabolic pathways; intestinal flora; intestinal regulation

摘要： 乳源低聚糖因其独特的益生作用，受到人们的广泛关注。从组成上分析，不同哺乳动物来源的低聚糖成分和结构有差异。从代谢途径上分析，以双歧杆菌为代表的一些益生菌进化出了较为完整的乳源低聚糖代谢模式。从益生作用上分析，相较于其他来源的益生元，乳源低聚糖表现出更好的益生作用，如更好地增加肠道菌群的多样性、促进双歧杆菌的增殖等。

关键词: 乳源低聚糖；结构特征；代谢途径；肠道菌群；肠道调节